Parking Lot Design
by Greg Dale

An overview of considerations in the landscaping and design of parking lots.

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In today's automobile-oriented urban environment, parking lots have become an omnipresent feature of the landscape. As such, the design and layout of parking lots has become a common topic of concern for planning commissioners examining site plans of proposed developments. This is particularly true in jurisdictions that include some form of site plan review in the zoning process. rime drops when parks and recreation are provided in inner cities. But the question remains, "How do the kids travel safely from their home to the basketball court?"

This column will explore some of the design concerns regarding parking lots. Obviously, it is impossible to go into great detail in a short column; I do hope, however, that the column will at least serve to alert you to (or remind you of) some of the consid-erations involved in parking lot design.

1. Landscaping

Given the visual prominence of parking lots, many jurisdictions seek to regulate their appearance and design. Probably the most common requirement is that parking areas be screened from public view. This is usually accomplished through the use of earthen mounds (known as "berms"), wood or masonry walls, trees and shrubbery, or any combination. While screening may improve appearances, it can, if not carefully designed, contribute to an environment which reduces personal security.

Landscaping within the parking area may be even more important than perimeter screening. When possible, expanses of parking should be broken up with landscaped islands which include shade trees and shrubs. Trees, if provided in adequate number, can also provide some relief from the radiant heat generated by the large amounts of asphalt common to parking lots. In addition, the provision of landscaped pedestrian walkways can improve the appearance of the parking lot, while enhancing pedestrian safety.

... articles continues with more on landscaping, followed by sections dealing with parking space size; lighting; and vehicular access & aisle width.

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