Welcome to the Commission: A Guide for New Members


Part II: The Planning Universe

1. The Planning Commission
2. The Local Governing Body
3. Citizens
4. Planning Staff
5. The Law (and Lawyers)
6. Developers & Builders
7. The Media
8. Nearby Communities
9. Some Additional Observations


Part I: Ten Tips for New Commissioners


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  • sample page from Guide -- approximation of formatting
    THE PLANNING UNIVERSE
    THE LOCAL GOVERNING BODY
    The Different Roles of the Governing Body and Planning Board

    A misunderstanding of roles is the most frequent barrier to a positive relationship between councils and planning boards. What are the roles? The Council begins with the responsibility of appointing the members of the Board. It is the Council's job to create a capable Board with a balance of experience and expertise. However, the Council then needs to leave the Board to do its job.

    The two groups have distinctly different jobs. Councilors are policy makers. They are elected by and are responsive to the public whom they represent in all its various constituencies. The Board members, on the other hand, are not policy makers. They are appointed to work within the ordinances adopted by the Council. They work within already established policy and do not change policy based on public comment.

    Even if the room is packed with citizens arguing that a permitted use be denied in a site plan hearing, it is not the Planning Board's role to change what is or is not permitted. It is their role to apply the given ordinance.

    If the public does not like what the ordinance permits,

    then the Council is the place to get it changed. Similarly, if the Board is concerned about the impacts of applying a given ordinance, their option is to recommend changes to the Council. Even in the process of rewriting or developing new ordinances, the Council is still the policy maker.

    The Board functions like a technical consultant to the Council recommending effective ways to accomplish the general community goals requested by the Council. The Council gives a sense of direction to the Board. The Board then uses its specialized back-ground and expertise to make recommendations back to the Council.

    The recommendations may be creative and far reaching. They may be more complex or technically innovative than the Council ever imagined. But, it is the Council that makes the final decision with whatever political considerations it deems appropriate. Each role is vital to a smoothly functioning community. But they are separate.

    From, "Town Councils & Planning Boards," by Pamela Plumb (PCJ #9)

    Understanding Your Governing Body

    There are steps you can take to at least make sure planning commission aims
    and policies are clear to the elected body, with the long-range goal of mutual understanding and support.

    Attend your governing body's meeting when an appeal of one of your decisions is being considered. It may not be pleasant to hear people disagree with you, but the experience will give you some sense of the depth of feeling of elected officials, and the public, on specific issues. If the commission's findings often are overturned because of form or content, you may want to review them with your staff; if the findings are okay but the governing body disagrees with your conclusions, it is still appropriate to revisit the issue informally to see why you are out of step.

    ... Be acquainted with the political platforms of the members of the governing body. Did someone campaign for office promising to end all planning as you know it? That is a clue to how that individual may respond to particular issues. You still should not give up. You or other commissioners should arrange a visit to explain your position and the positive results planning has on your community -- and also listen to the elected official's contrary ideas.

    Suggest a retreat or informal workshop among planning commission members and elected officials to try to come to consensus on a common vision, goals

    cartoon illustration of governing body members taking flight; copyright Champlain Planning Press and objectives. Even if the best you can do is agree to disagree, you will have heard each other and learned something.

    From, "Working Effectively With Elected Officials," by Elaine Cogan (PCJ #20)

    see contents of Part II: The Planning Universe and a sample page